Aptos 開發心得分享

多簽是甚麼：

一個Account 由多個使用者進行管理，而每個使用者都至少握有一把private key。

建立多簽帳戶：

1.新增多簽帳戶時就要確定參與多簽的人數。

2.以及要幾把私鑰才可以交易成功。

3.產生Private key and Public Key -> 產生 Auth Key -> Address
 

情況範例：

1.每把鑰匙的權重一樣

假設有A,B,C,D,E五把鑰匙，他們共管理一個帳戶，只需要三把就可以通過交易。

2.A的權重比別較多，其餘每把鑰匙的權重一樣

假設這個多簽帳戶是由A,A,B,C,D，這五把鑰匙組成的，只需要三把就可以通過交易。

(但因為A這把鑰匙的權重大，只需要他簽一次，隨便其他人在簽一次就可)

應用在哪：

1.多裝置驗證

2.鑰匙備份

3.管理帳務

4.管理NFT的發放

程式開發流程：

沒有多簽帳戶：

1.新建多簽帳戶，確定多少人要參與加簽

2.要幾把鑰匙才算通過 (確定需要多少人簽核這筆交易)

3.1 建立多簽帳戶

3.2 進行faucet

4.紀錄多簽賬戶的Address、PublicKey 

(以後在發起交易、簽核交易會用到)

發起交易：

1.輸入要參與交易的帳戶的地址和privateKey

2.輸入目標地址

3.輸入金額

4.加簽交易

5.發起交易

建立多簽帳戶：

步驟1：引入套件、物件

import { AptosClient, AptosAccount, FaucetClient, BCS, TransactionBuilderMultiEd25519, TxnBuilderTypes } from "aptos";

步驟2：設定連接節點、鏈的資訊

const NODE_URL = process.env.APTOS_NODE_URL || "https://fullnode.devnet.aptoslabs.com";
const FAUCET_URL = process.env.APTOS_FAUCET_URL || "https://faucet.devnet.aptoslabs.com";

步驟3：初始化本地端(客戶端)連結鏈的物件，利用這物件跟鏈取得資料

const client = new AptosClient(NODE_URL);

步驟4：初始化水龍頭物件

const faucetClient = new FaucetClient(NODE_URL, FAUCET_URL);

步驟5：創建要參與加簽的帳戶

const account1 = new AptosAccount();
const account2 = new AptosAccount();
const account3 = new AptosAccount();

筆記：

如果是現有帳戶，可以輸入privatekey、address

步驟6：建立多簽帳戶、設定多少private才能通過交易，這邊會產出public key

const multiSigPublicKey = new TxnBuilderTypes.MultiEd25519PublicKey(
  [
    new TxnBuilderTypes.Ed25519PublicKey(account1.signingKey.publicKey),
    new TxnBuilderTypes.Ed25519PublicKey(account2.signingKey.publicKey),
    new TxnBuilderTypes.Ed25519PublicKey(account3.signingKey.publicKey),
  ],
  // Threshold
  2,
);

步驟7：公鑰產出Authentication key

const authKey = TxnBuilderTypes.AuthenticationKey.fromMultiEd25519PublicKey(multiSigPublicKey);

步驟8：導出帳戶Address

const mutisigAccountAddress = authKey.derivedAddress();

步驟9：水管匯入APT Token

await faucetClient.fundAccount(mutisigAccountAddress, 100_000_000);

筆記：

如果Account 要記錄在鏈上，就必須水管匯入APT 0個也可以

步驟10：查看帳戶資源

let resources = await client.getAccountResources(mutisigAccountAddress);
let accountResource = resources.find((r) => r.type === aptosCoinStore);
let balance = parseInt((accountResource?.data as any).coin.value);
assert(balance === 100_000_000);
console.log(`multisig account coins: ${balance}. Should be 100000000!`);

發起多簽交易：

步驟1：建立傳送的帳號地址

const account4 = new AptosAccount();
// Creates a receiver account and fund the account with 0 AptosCoin
await faucetClient.fundAccount(account4.address(), 0);
resources = await client.getAccountResources(account4.address());
accountResource = resources.find((r) => r.type === aptosCoinStore);
balance = parseInt((accountResource?.data as any).coin.value);
assert(balance === 0);
console.log(`account4 coins: ${balance}. Should be 0!`);

步驟2：取得要交易的Token，交易的Module

const token = new TxnBuilderTypes.TypeTagStruct(TxnBuilderTypes.StructTag.fromString("0x1::aptos_coin::AptosCoin"));
const entryFunctionPayload = new TxnBuilderTypes.TransactionPayloadEntryFunction(
TxnBuilderTypes.EntryFunction.natural(
// Fully qualified module name, `AccountAddress::ModuleName`
"0x1::coin",
// Module function
"transfer",
// The coin type to transfer
[token],
// Arguments for function `transfer`: receiver account address and amount to transfer
[BCS.bcsToBytes(TxnBuilderTypes.AccountAddress.fromHex(account4.address())), BCS.bcsSerializeUint64(123)],
),
);

步驟3：取得帳戶交易到哪一個編號和在哪一個鏈進行交易

const [{ sequence_number: sequenceNumber }, chainId] = await Promise.all([
client.getAccount(mutisigAccountAddress),
client.getChainId(),
]);

步驟4：組成交易資料

const rawTxn = new TxnBuilderTypes.RawTransaction(
// Transaction sender account address
TxnBuilderTypes.AccountAddress.fromHex(mutisigAccountAddress),
BigInt(sequenceNumber),
entryFunctionPayload,
// Max gas unit to spend
BigInt(10000),
// Gas price per unit
BigInt(100),
// Expiration timestamp. Transaction is discarded if it is not executed within 10 seconds from now.
BigInt(Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000) + 10),
new TxnBuilderTypes.ChainId(chainId),
);

步驟5：新增物件，設定要用那些Private Key進行加簽

const txnBuilder = new TransactionBuilderMultiEd25519((signingMessage: TxnBuilderTypes.SigningMessage) => {
const sigHexStr1 = account1.signBuffer(signingMessage);
const sigHexStr3 = account3.signBuffer(signingMessage);
const bitmap = TxnBuilderTypes.MultiEd25519Signature.createBitmap([0, 2]);
const muliEd25519Sig = new TxnBuilderTypes.MultiEd25519Signature(
[
new TxnBuilderTypes.Ed25519Signature(sigHexStr1.toUint8Array()),
new TxnBuilderTypes.Ed25519Signature(sigHexStr3.toUint8Array()),
],
bitmap,
);
return muliEd25519Sig;
}, multiSigPublicKey);

步驟6：加簽交易

const bcsTxn = txnBuilder.sign(rawTxn);

步驟7：提交加簽資料做驗證

const transactionRes = await client.submitSignedBCSTransaction(bcsTxn);

步驟8：發送交易

await client.waitForTransaction(transactionRes.hash);

步驟9：查看多簽帳戶Resource

resources = await client.getAccountResources(mutisigAccountAddress);
accountResource = resources.find((r) => r.type === aptosCoinStore);
balance = parseInt((accountResource?.data as any).coin.value);
console.log(`multisig account coins: ${balance}.`);

步驟10：查看目標帳戶

resources = await client.getAccountResources(account4.address());
accountResource = resources.find((r) => r.type === aptosCoinStore);
balance = parseInt((accountResource?.data as any).coin.value);
assert(balance === 123);
console.log(`account4 coins: ${balance}. Should be 123!`);

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